Integrated Circuits - A Brief History
Very brief, and incomplete, but I’ll add to it as I go. In the beginning (the 1970s), CPUs shipped in Dual In-line Package (“DIP”) packaging: DIP These were ubiquitous in the late 70s and early 80s, but they became impractical above 40 pins, which led to some interesting design compromises, like the 24-bit address bus and 16-bit external data bus of the Motorola 68000: But these could be through-hole mounted, or socketed, and it was what it was. Following that, we start getting into interesting diversions, like 68-pin PLCC (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier) and 68-pin Ceramic LCC (Lead Less Chip Carrier) packages, commonly seen on the 80286, starting in the early 1980s: PLCC CLCC Starting more-or-less around the era of the 80386 and the 68030, came Pin Grid Array, used for, e.g., socketed (and through-hole soldered) CPUs through the mid-2000s at least, when Intel switched to Land Grid Array (LGA) for the Pentium 4 (and a couple of years later, moved Xeon over) (AMD still uses PGA for ma...